Automatic Liquid Filling Machine commanded by Arduino UNO

Arduino UNO 06-11-24
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Tutorial plan

1- Presentation of Automatic Liquid Filling Machine

2- How Arduino UNO command an Automatic Liquid Filling Machine ?

3- Circuit Setup

4- Programming the Arduino

 

 

Presentation of Automatic Liquid Filling Machine

An Automatic Liquid Filling Machine is a specialized device designed to automatically and accurately fill containers with liquid products in a production line setting. These machines use various mechanisms, such as gravity, pumps, or pistons, to dispense precise volumes of liquids into bottles, cans, or other containers.

Key features include:

Automation: The machine operates with minimal human intervention, often controlled by programmable systems (e.g., PLCs) that regulate fill volume, speed, and container alignment.

Accuracy: It ensures consistent fill levels, reducing waste and maintaining product uniformity.

Versatility: Capable of handling liquids of different viscosities, from water-like substances to thick creams or gels.

Efficiency: Designed to fill multiple containers quickly, enhancing productivity and suitable for large-scale production.

Automatic liquid filling machines are essential in industries like food & beverage, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and chemicals, where precise filling is crucial for product quality and compliance.

How Arduino UNO command an Automatic Liquid Filling Machine ?

An Arduino UNO can effectively control an Automatic Liquid Filling Machine using a combination of sensors, a pump, a keypad, a display, and a relay module to automate and manage the filling process. Here’s how each component works together in this setup:

Components and Their Roles

Arduino UNO:

Arduino Uno

Acts as the main control unit, processing sensor input and executing commands to start or stop the pump based on the user-defined volume.

YF-S401 Flow Sensor:

Measures the flow rate of the liquid in real-time. It generates pulses as liquid flows through it; each pulse is counted by the Arduino to calculate the volume of liquid dispensed.

12V Water Pump:

Responsible for moving the liquid from the reservoir to the container. The Arduino controls the pump’s operation via a relay.

4x4 Keypad:

Allows the user to input the desired fill volume. By pressing numeric keys, users set the amount of liquid (in milliliters) they want to fill into the container.

I2C LCD Display:

Displays user instructions, the set volume, real-time volume filled, and completion status. This makes the interface user-friendly.

Relay Module:

Works as a switch controlled by the Arduino to turn the pump on and off based on the filling requirements.

Connecting Wires:

Jumper wires

Jumper wires to connect the different components of system.

Breadboard (Optional):

Breadboard

Useful for setting up a prototype.

5- Power Supply:

You’ll need a 9V power supply for I2C LCD display.

How It Works Together

1- Setting the Target Volume:

The process begins when the user inputs the desired fill volume using the 4x4 keypad. Each key press is processed by the Arduino, and the volume is displayed on the LCD for confirmation.

Once the volume is set, pressing a designated "start" button (such as # on the keypad) tells the Arduino to begin the filling operation.

2- Activating the Pump and Monitoring Flow:

The Arduino commands the relay to close the circuit, activating the 12V water pump and starting the flow of liquid.

As liquid flows through the YF-S401 sensor, it generates pulses proportional to the flow rate. The Arduino uses these pulses, along with a calibration factor, to calculate the cumulative volume of liquid that has passed through the sensor.

3- Displaying Real-Time Filling Data:

The LCD screen continuously updates to show the current volume of liquid filled. This lets the user monitor the filling process in real-time.

4- Automatic Stop at Target Volume:

When the measured volume reaches or slightly exceeds the user-set target, the Arduino deactivates the relay, which turns off the water pump, stopping the flow.

The LCD then displays a “Filling Complete” message, indicating that the operation has successfully reached the desired volume.

Circuit Setup

1- Assembly of the Arduino UNO with the water pump and the water flow sensor:

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to set up this system:

1- Flow Sensor (YF-S401):

VCC: Connect to 5V on Arduino.

GND: Connect to Arduino GND.

Signal: Connect to a digital pin (e.g., D2) on the Arduino.

12V Water Pump:

Connect to an external 12V power supply.

Use a relay module to control the pump’s power, connecting the relay's signal pin to an Arduino digital pin (e.g., D3).

Relay Module:

VCC: Connect to 5V on Arduino.

GND: Connect to Arduino GND.

Signal Pin: Connect to a digital pin on the Arduino (D3 in this example).

2- Assembly of the Arduino UNO with the 4x4 keyboard:

4x4 Keypad:

Connect each row and column pin to individual digital pins on the Arduino (e.g., D4-D11).

The keypad will be used for setting the desired filling volume.

LCD Display (16x2):

We connect:

the SDA pin of the LCD display to PIN 4 of the Arduino

the SCL pin of the LCD display to PIN 5 of the Arduino

the GND pin of the LCD display to the GND pin of the Arduino

the VCC pin of the LCD display to the (+) terminal of a 9V battery

Programming the Arduino

Here’s a sample code to control the filling process:

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