Lighting RGB LED module connected to Arduino UNO using push buttons

Arduino UNO 26-10-23

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Tutorial plan

1- Role of the push button in robotics

2-The components necessary to control the RGB LED module by push buttons through the Arduino UNO board

3-Mounting the Arduino UNO board with the RGB LED module and push buttons

4-Programming the Arduino UNO board to turn on the RGB LED module using the push buttons

Role of the push button in robotics

Push buttons can play a significant role in robotics by serving as a means of human interaction and control in various ways:

Start/Stop Control: Push buttons are often used to start and stop robotic systems. For example, a start button can initiate the robot's operation, and a stop button can halt it in case of an emergency or to end a task.

Emergency Stop (E-Stop): Emergency stop buttons are critical safety features in robotics. They provide an immediate and easily accessible way to shut down the robot in case of a malfunction or a hazardous situation. This is crucial for ensuring the safety of both the robot and the people working around it.

Mode Selection: In more complex robotic systems, push buttons can be used to select different operational modes, such as autonomous mode, manual control mode, or specific task modes. Users can switch between these modes using buttons.

User Interface: Push buttons can be used to provide a simple user interface for users to interact with the robot. They can trigger specific actions or functions, like moving an arm, activating a gripper, or changing the robot's behavior.

Teaching and Programming: Push buttons can be used in a teaching or programming mode, where operators can manually move robot arms or other components to demonstrate desired motions or trajectories. This information can be recorded and later reproduced by the robot.

Limit or Home Switches: Push buttons can be used as limit switches or home switches in robotics. They help the robot establish reference points or boundaries for its movement, ensuring accuracy and safety.

Calibration and Configuration: Push buttons can be used for calibrating sensors, configuring parameters, or setting up the robot's initial conditions. They can be part of a setup process to ensure that the robot operates as intended.

Reset or Clear Function: Push buttons can be used to reset the robot's state, clear error conditions, or restart specific tasks. They can help recover from unexpected situations.

User Feedback: Some push buttons may include indicator lights or displays to provide feedback to the user, such as the current mode, status, or system health.

Push buttons, when combined with microcontrollers and control systems, offer a convenient way for humans to interact with and control robots, whether in industrial automation, research, or various other applications. Their design and functionality can vary based on the specific needs of the robotic system and the safety requirements associated with it.

The components necessary to control the RGB LED module by push buttons through the Arduino UNO board

To control the module LED RGB using an Arduino UNO and push buttons, you will need the following components:

Arduino UNO:

Arduino Uno

The Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board that serves as the brain of your project. It provides the necessary I/O pins and processing power to control the RGB LED module.

RGB LED Module:

This module contains a red, green, and blue LED, allowing you to produce various colors by controlling the intensity of each color component.

Push button:

push button

A push button, also known as a momentary switch or tactile switch, is a simple yet commonly used electromechanical component in electronics. It is designed to make or break an electrical connection temporarily when pressed or released.

Resistance

In the context of electronics and electrical circuits, a resistance refers to a passive two-terminal electrical component that restricts the flow of electric current. It is typically measured in ohms (Ω).

Breadboard:

Breadboard

A breadboard is a prototyping board that allows you to build circuits without soldering. It provides a convenient way to connect the components together.

Jumper Wires:

Jumper Wires

You'll need jumper wires to make connections between the Arduino UNO, RGB LED module and breadboard.

Mounting the Arduino UNO board with the RGB LED module and push buttons

Once you have the necessary components, you can proceed with the following steps to control the RGB LED module:

1- Connect pin R (red) of RGB LED module to pin N°2 of the Arduino UNO

2- Connect pin G (green) of RGB LED module to pin N°3 of the Arduino UNO

3- Connect pin B (blue) of RGB LED module to pin N°4 of the Arduino UNO

4- Connect pin GND of RGB LED module to pin GND of the Arduino UNO

For push buttons

1- Push button 1:

- Connect one leg of the push button to pin 5 of the Arduino.

- Connect another leg of the push button to the 5V pin of the Arduino.

- Place a 10k Ohm resistor between the third leg of the push button and the GND pin of the Arduino.

2- Push button 2:

- Connect one leg of the push button to pin 6 of the Arduino.

- Connect another leg of the push button to the 5V pin of the Arduino.

- Place a 10k Ohm resistor between the third leg of the push button and the GND pin of the Arduino.

3- Push button 3:

- Connect one leg of the push button to pin 7 of the Arduino.

- Connect another leg of the push button to the 5V pin of the Arduino.

- Place a 10k Ohm resistor between the third leg of the push button and the GND pin of the Arduino.

Mounting the Arduino UNO board with the RGB LED module and push buttons

Programming the Arduino UNO board to turn on the RGB LED module using the push buttons

To program an Arduino UNO board to control an RGB LED module using push buttons, you'll need to write a sketch (Arduino program) that reads the state of the push buttons and adjusts the color displayed by the RGB LED based on button presses :

- A push button to turn the red color of the RGB LED on or off.

- The second button to turn the green color of the RGB LED on or off.

- The third button to turn on or off the blue color.

Here's an example Arduino sketch to control the RGB LED module with push buttons.

#define Red_PIN 2 // the number of pin R(red) of RGB LED
#define Red_BUTTON_PIN 5 // the number of the pushbutton pin to light red color of LED RGB

#define Green_PIN 3 // the number of pin G(green) of RGB LED 
#define Green_BUTTON_PIN 6 // the number of the pushbutton pin to light green color of LED RGB

#define Blue_PIN 4 // the number of pin B(blue) of RGB LED
#define Blue_BUTTON_PIN 7 // the number of the pushbutton pin to light blue color of LED RGB

byte RedlastButtonState = LOW; // to keep the state of the first button and the red color of LED RGB 
byte RedledState = LOW; // to keep the state of the first button and the red color of LED RGB 

byte GreenlastButtonState = LOW; // to keep the state of the second button and the green color of LED RGB
byte GreenledState = LOW; // to keep the state of the second button and the green color of LED RGB

byte BluelastButtonState = LOW; // to keep the state of the third button and the blue color of LED RGB
byte BlueledState = LOW; // to keep the state of the third button and the blue color of LED RGB

unsigned long debounceDuration = 50; // millis
unsigned long lastTimeRedButtonStateChanged = 0;
unsigned long lastTimeGreenButtonStateChanged = 0;
unsigned long lastTimeBlueButtonStateChanged = 0;


void setup() {
  // initialize the red pin as an output:
  pinMode(Red_PIN, OUTPUT);
  // initialize the pushbutton pin as an input:
  pinMode(Red_BUTTON_PIN, INPUT);
  // initialize the green pin as an output:
  pinMode(Green_PIN, OUTPUT);
  // initialize the pushbutton pin as an input:
  pinMode(Green_BUTTON_PIN, INPUT);
  // initialize the blue pin as an output:
  pinMode(Blue_PIN, OUTPUT);
  // initialize the pushbutton pin as an input:
  pinMode(Blue_BUTTON_PIN, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
  // to turn the red color of the RGB LED module on or off using the first button
  if (millis() - lastTimeRedButtonStateChanged > debounceDuration) //start the button/LED functionality if enough time has passed since the last time the button’s state was changed
{
    byte RedbuttonState = digitalRead(Red_BUTTON_PIN); // the pushbutton is pressed
    if (RedbuttonState != RedlastButtonState) {
      lastTimeRedButtonStateChanged = millis();
      RedlastButtonState = RedbuttonState;
      if (RedbuttonState == LOW) {
        RedledState = (RedledState == HIGH) ? LOW: HIGH; // Toggle the state of the RGB LED when the button has been released
        digitalWrite(Red_PIN, RedledState); // turn the red color on or off depending on the state of the LED
      }
    }
  }
  // to turn the green color of the RGB LED module on or off using the second button
  if (millis() - lastTimeGreenButtonStateChanged > debounceDuration) {
    byte GreenbuttonState = digitalRead(Green_BUTTON_PIN);
    if (GreenbuttonState != GreenlastButtonState) {
      lastTimeGreenButtonStateChanged = millis();
      GreenlastButtonState = GreenbuttonState;
      if (GreenbuttonState == LOW) {
        GreenledState = (GreenledState == HIGH) ? LOW: HIGH;
        digitalWrite(Green_PIN, GreenledState);
      }
    }
  }
  // to turn the blue color of the RGB LED module on or off using the third button
  if (millis() - lastTimeBlueButtonStateChanged > debounceDuration) {
    byte BluebuttonState = digitalRead(Blue_BUTTON_PIN); 
    if (BluebuttonState != BluelastButtonState) {
      lastTimeBlueButtonStateChanged = millis();
      BluelastButtonState = BluebuttonState;
      if (BluebuttonState == LOW) {
        BlueledState = (BlueledState == HIGH) ? LOW: HIGH;
        digitalWrite(Blue_PIN, BlueledState);
      }
    }
  }
}

#define Red_PIN 2 // the number of pin R(red) of RGB LED

#define Red_BUTTON_PIN 5 // the number of the pushbutton pin to light red color of LED RGB

#define Green_PIN 3 // the number of pin G(green) of RGB LED

#define Green_BUTTON_PIN 6 // the number of the pushbutton pin to light green color of LED RGB

#define Blue_PIN 4 // the number of pin B(blue) of RGB LED

#define Blue_BUTTON_PIN 7 // the number of the pushbutton pin to light blue color of LED RGB

byte RedlastButtonState = LOW; // to keep the state of the first button and the red color of LED RGB

byte RedledState = LOW; // to keep the state of the first button and the red color of LED RGB

byte GreenlastButtonState = LOW; // to keep the state of the second button and the green color of LED RGB

byte GreenledState = LOW; // to keep the state of the second button and the green color of LED RGB

byte BluelastButtonState = LOW; // to keep the state of the third button and the blue color of LED RGB

byte BlueledState = LOW; // to keep the state of the third button and the blue color of LED RGB

unsigned long debounceDuration = 50; // millis

unsigned long lastTimeRedButtonStateChanged = 0;

unsigned long lastTimeGreenButtonStateChanged = 0;

unsigned long lastTimeBlueButtonStateChanged = 0;

void setup() {

// initialize the red pin as an output:

pinMode(Red_PIN, OUTPUT);

// initialize the pushbutton pin as an input:

pinMode(Red_BUTTON_PIN, INPUT);

// initialize the green pin as an output:

pinMode(Green_PIN, OUTPUT);

// initialize the pushbutton pin as an input:

pinMode(Green_BUTTON_PIN, INPUT);

// initialize the blue pin as an output:

pinMode(Blue_PIN, OUTPUT);

// initialize the pushbutton pin as an input:

pinMode(Blue_BUTTON_PIN, INPUT);

}

void loop() {

// to turn the red color of the RGB LED module on or off using the first button

if (millis() - lastTimeRedButtonStateChanged > debounceDuration) //start the button/LED functionality if enough time has passed since the last time the button’s state was changed

{

byte RedbuttonState = digitalRead(Red_BUTTON_PIN); // the pushbutton is pressed

if (RedbuttonState != RedlastButtonState) {

lastTimeRedButtonStateChanged = millis();

RedlastButtonState = RedbuttonState;

if (RedbuttonState == LOW) {